What is particulate filter regeneration?
The particulate filter (DPF or FAP) is designed to capture solid particles (soot and ash) generated during diesel combustion. Over time, this filter becomes saturated, and to prevent clogging, vehicles undergo a regeneration process, which consists of raising the exhaust temperature to burn the accumulated soot and restore the normal flow of gases.This process can be performed in several ways, depending on the vehicle and the conditions of use.Types of particulate filter regeneration
Passive regeneration
It occurs automatically while driving, especially on the highway or when the engine reaches high temperatures. It is the most natural and least invasive method, but requires certain conditions:- Driving over 60-70 km/h for at least 15-30 minutes.
- High and stable exhaust temperature.
- Engine in optimal condition.
Active regeneration
The vehicle injects additional fuel in the exhaust phase to increase the DPF temperature and burn the accumulated soot. This happens when the control unit detects filter saturation (above 40-50%).It is activated automatically, but can be interrupted if the driver switches off the engine or changes the driving pattern.Symptoms of active regeneration:- Increase in temporary consumption.
- Higher idle speed.
- Activation of the electric fan.
- Strong odor in exhaust gases.
Forced regeneration
This type of regeneration is performed with diagnostic tools or specific machines in the workshop. The DPF cleaning cycle is forced manually when the automatic regenerations have not been sufficient or the filter is badly clogged.This is a delicate operation and must be carried out by qualified personnel, as very high temperatures are reached.Contact us!
How can I regenerate the particulate filter of a diesel car?
As a workshop, you have several options depending on the level of obstruction:- Perform assisted driving. Taking the car on the highway and maintaining high revolutions for 20-30 minutes can help if the filter is not completely saturated.
- Activate a forced regeneration with diagnostic equipment.
- Use professional machines such as those from Oxyhtech, which clean the filter safely, without disassembly and without risk of damaging components.
Methods to regenerate the particulate filter
- Automatic regeneration by driving. Works if the vehicle is used correctly.
- Regeneration at standstill. By means of diagnosis, ideal for vehicles with urban pattern.
- Professional cleaning with Oxyhtech machine. It connects directly to the DPF, without disassembling it, and removes soot and ash in a few minutes with pressurized water and specific products.
Tips to improve particulate filter health
- Regular long-distance travel.
- Avoid frequent stops when the engine is regenerating.
- Always use approved low ash oil (ACEA C1-C3).
- Offer preventive cleaning with equipment such as Oxyhtech ULTRA every 30,000-50,000 km.
- Verify that the differential pressure sensor and EGR system are functioning properly.
Common causes of particulate filter regeneration failure
- Turbo failures: A turbocharger with oil leaks contaminates the DPF, preventing proper regeneration. Soot mixes with oil, forming residues that do not burn with heat.
- EGR problems: A clogged EGR valve increases particulate production and hinders combustion, increasing the buildup in the DPF.
- Incorrect or poor quality engine oil: The use of oils that are not compatible with particulate filters generates more ash. These are not removed by regenerations and require professional cleaning.
- Inadequate driving patterns: Urban driving, frequent cold starts, short journeys…. All this prevents the engine from reaching sufficient temperature to complete regeneration.
How is the particulate filter cleaned?
The best solution when the DPF is saturated (more than 80%) or the warning light has come on, is a professional cleaning in a workshop. There are two main methods:- Disassembly and cleaning with liquids in workshop or laboratory. Time consuming and may leave residues.
- Cleaning without disassembly with Oxyhtech machine.
- Connects to the exhaust system.
- A controlled pressure water wash cycle is applied.
- Soot and ash are removed.
- The filter is dried with hot air.
- All in less than 1 hour.
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Is it good to force the regeneration of the particulate filter?
Only if done under controlled conditions and by professional personnel. Forced regeneration:- It is effective if the DPF is not completely collapsed.
- Requires monitoring with diagnosis.
- It must be accompanied by verification of sensors, pressure and temperature.
- If this technique is abused, it can lead to thermal hazards or exhaust damage.
